Eczema

  • What is Eczema?
    Eczema, also known as atopic dermatitis, is a chronic skin condition that causes inflammation, redness, itching, and irritation. It affects people of all ages and can appear in different forms.

  • Common Types of Eczema:

    • Atopic Dermatitis: The most common form, often starting in childhood.

    • Contact Dermatitis: Triggered by allergens or irritants like soaps, metals, or plants.

    • Seborrheic Dermatitis: Commonly affects areas rich in oil glands, like the scalp and face.

    • Nummular Eczema: Characterized by round, coin-shaped lesions.

    • Stasis Dermatitis: Occurs in areas of poor blood circulation, often in the lower legs.

  • Examples of Symptoms:

    • Itchy, red, and inflamed skin.

    • Dry, cracked skin that may bleed.

    • Blisters or weeping skin in severe cases.

    • Thickened or leathery skin from chronic scratching.

  • Causes of Eczema:

    • Genetic Factors: Family history of eczema, asthma, or hay fever increases risk.

    • Environmental Triggers: Exposure to allergens like pollen, dust mites, and pet dander.

    • Skin Barrier Dysfunction: Defective skin barrier leads to moisture loss and irritation.

    • Immune System Response: Overactive immune system causing inflammation.

  • Treatment Options:

    • Topical Medications: Steroid creams or ointments to reduce inflammation.

    • Moisturizers: Daily moisturizing to prevent dryness and irritation.

    • Oral Medications: In severe cases, oral corticosteroids or immunosuppressants may be prescribed.

    • Light Therapy: Phototherapy to reduce skin inflammation in chronic cases.

    • Lifestyle Adjustments: Identifying and avoiding triggers, managing stress, and using mild skin care products.

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